Gate (Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering)
Gate (Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering) is a national-level entrance exam in India for admission into postgraduate programs in engineering, technology, architecture, and science. The exam is conducted jointly by the Indian Institute of Science (IISc), Bangalore, and seven Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs).
The GATE exam is conducted in online mode and tests the comprehensive understanding of undergraduate subjects in engineering and science. It measures the technical and general aptitude of the candidates through objective-type questions.
The GATE exam is a gateway to prestigious institutes like IISc, IITs, NITs, and several other universities and colleges across India. The exam is held annually in February and consists of multiple-choice questions and numerical answer type questions. The exam scores are also used for recruitment in various Public Sector Undertakings (PSUs) in India.
Eligibility criteria for appearing in the GATE exam
1. Educational Qualification: Candidates should have a Bachelor's degree in Engineering/Technology/Architecture or Master's degree in any branch of Science/Mathematics/Statistics/Computer Applications. Candidates in the final year of their qualifying degree can also apply.
2. Age Limit: There is no age limit to appear for the GATE exam.
Syllabus for Gate
| Civil Engineering | |
|---|---|
| Section 1: Engineering Mathematics | Linear Algebra, Calculus, Ordinary Differential Equation (ODE), Partial Differential Equation (PDE), Probability and Statistics, Numerical Methods. |
| Section 2: Structural Engineering | Engineering Mechanics, Solid Mechanics, Structural Analysis, Construction Materials and Management, Concrete Structures, Steel Structures. |
| Section 3: Geotechnical Engineering | Soil Mechanics, Foundation Engineering. |
| Section 4: Water Resources Engineering | Fluid Mechanics, Hydraulics, Hydrology, Irrigation |
| Section 5: Environmental Engineering | Water and Waste Water Quality and Treatment, Air Pollution, Municipal Solid Wastes. |
| Section 6: Transportation Engineering | Transportation Infrastructure, Highway Pavements, Traffic Engineering |
| Section 7: Geomatics Engineering | Principles of surveying; Errors and their adjustment; Maps - scale, coordinate system; Distance and angle measurement - Levelling and trigonometric levelling; Traversing and triangulation survey; Total station; Horizontal and vertical curves. Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing - Scale, flying height; Basics of remote sensing and GIS. |
| Electronics and Communications Engineering | |
|---|---|
| Section 1: Engineering Mathematics | Linear Algebra, Calculus, Differential Equations, Vector Analysis, Complex Analysis, Probability and Statistics. |
| Section 2: Networks, Signals and Systems | Circuit Analysis, Continuous-time Signals, Discrete-time Signals, |
| Section 3: Electronic Devices | Carrier Transport, |
| Section 4: Analog Circuits | Diode Circuits, BJT and MOSFET Amplifiers, Op-amp Circuits, |
| Section 5: Digital Circuits | Number Representations, Sequential Circuits, Data Converters, Semiconductor Memories, Computer Organization. |
| Section 6: Control Systems | Basic control system components; Feedback principle; Transfer function; Block diagram representation; Signal flow graph; Transient and steady-state analysis of LTI systems; Frequency response; Routh-Hurwitz and Nyquist stability criteria; Bode and root-locus plots; Lag, lead and laglead compensation; State variable model and solution of state equation of LTI systems. |
| Section 7: Communications | Random Processes, Analog Communications, Information Theory, Digital Communications. |
| Section 8: Electromagnetics | Maxwell’s Equations, Plane Waves and Properties, Transmission Lines, |
| Electrical Engineering | |
|---|---|
| Section 1: Engineering Mathematics | Linear Algebra, Calculus, Differential Equations, Complex Variables, Probability and Statistics. |
| Section 2: Electric circuits | Network Elements |
| Section 3: Electromagnetic Fields | Coulomb's Law, Electric Field Intensity, Electric Flux Density, Gauss's Law, Divergence, Electric field and potential due to point, line, plane and spherical charge distributions, Effect of dielectric medium, Capacitance of simple configurations, Biot‐Savart’s law, Ampere’s law,Curl, Faraday’s law, Lorentz force, Inductance, Magnetomotive force, Reluctance, Magnetic circuits, Self and Mutual inductance of simple configurations. |
| Section 4: Signals and Systems | Representation of continuous and discrete time signals, shifting and scaling properties, linear time invariant and causal systems, Fourier series representation of continuous and discrete time periodic signals, sampling theorem, Applications of Fourier Transform for continuous and discrete time signals, Laplace Transform and Z transform. R.M.S. value, average value calculation for any general periodic waveform. |
| Section 5: Electrical Machines | Single phase transformer: equivalent circuit, phasor diagram, open circuit and short circuit tests, regulation and efficiency; Three-phase transformers: connections, vector groups, parallel operation; Auto-transformer, Electromechanical energy conversion principles; DC machines: separately excited, series and shunt, motoring and generating mode of operation and their characteristics, speed control of dc motors; Three-phase induction machines: principle of operation, types, performance, torquespeed characteristics, no-load and blocked-rotor tests, equivalent circuit, starting and speed control; Operating principle of single-phase induction motors; Synchronous machines: cylindrical and salient pole machines, performance and characteristics, regulation and parallel operation of generators, starting of synchronous motors; Types of losses and efficiency calculations of electric machines. |
| Section 6: Power Systems | Basic concepts of electrical power generation, ac and dc transmission concepts, Models and performance of transmission lines and cables, Economic Load Dispatch (with and without considering transmission losses), Series and shunt compensation, Electric field distribution and insulators, Distribution systems, Per‐unit quantities, Bus admittance matrix, Gauss- Seidel and Newton-Raphson load flow methods, Voltage and Frequency control, Power factor correction, Symmetrical components, Symmetrical and unsymmetrical fault analysis, Principles of over‐current, differential, directional and distance protection; Circuit breakers, System stability concepts, Equal area criterion. |
| Section 7: Control Systems | Mathematical modelling and representation of systems, Feedback principle, transfer function, Block diagrams and Signal flow graphs, Transient and Steady‐state analysis of linear time invariant systems, Stability analysis using Routh-Hurwitz and Nyquist criteria, Bode plots, Root loci, Lag, Lead and Lead‐Lag compensators; P, PI and PID controllers; State space model, Solution of state equations of LTI systems |
| Section 8: Electrical and Electronic Measurements | Bridges and Potentiometers, Measurement of voltage, current, power, energy and power factor; Instrument transformers, Digital voltmeters and multi-meters, Phase, Time and Frequency measurement; Oscilloscopes, Error analysis. |
| Section 9: Analog and Digital Electronics | Simple diode circuits: clipping, clamping, rectifiers; Amplifiers: biasing, equivalent circuit and frequency response; oscillators and feedback amplifiers; operational amplifiers: characteristics and applications; single stage active filters, Active Filters: Sallen Key, Butterwoth, VCOs and timers, combinatorial and sequential logic circuits, multiplexers, demultiplexers, Schmitt triggers, sample and hold circuits, A/D and D/A converters. |
| Mechanical Engineering | |
|---|---|
| Section 1: Engineering Mathematics | Linear Algebra, Calculus, Differential Equations, Complex Variables, Probability and Statistics, Numerical Methods. |
| Section 2: Applied Mechanics and Design | Engineering Mechanics, Mechanics of Materials, Theory of Machines, Vibrations, Machine Design. |
| Section 3: Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Sciences | Fluid Mechanics, Heat-Transfer, Thermodynamics, Applications |
| Section 4: Materials, Manufacturing and Industrial Engineering | Engineering Materials, Casting, Forming and Joining Processes, Machining and Machine Tool Operations, Metrology and Inspection, Computer Integrated Manufacturing. |
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